DIPLOMA IN ELECTRO NEURO PHYSIOLOGY TECHNICIAN (2 YEAR)
DIPLOMA IN ELECTRO NEURO PHYSIOLOGY TECHNICIAN
FIRST YEAR
1. Human Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy
- Introduction to Human Anatomy
- Anatomical Terminology
- Cells and Tissues
- Skeletal System
- Muscular System
- Cardiovascular System
- Respiratory System
- Digestive System
- Urinary System
- Endocrine System
- Reproductive System
- Nervous System
- Brain and Spinal Cord
- Cranial Nerves
- Peripheral Nervous System
Physiology
- Basic Cell Physiology
- Blood and Circulation
- Muscle Physiology
- Nervous System Physiology
- Central Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System
- Sensory and Motor Functions
- Reflexes
- Synaptic Transmission
- Action Potential
- Neuromuscular Transmission
2. Basic Neuroscience & Neuroanatomy
Topics
- Introduction to Neuroscience
- Structure of Brain
- Cerebral Cortex
- Cerebellum
- Brainstem
- Spinal Cord
- Cranial Nerves
- Peripheral Nerves
- Motor and Sensory Pathways
- Autonomic Nervous System
- Neurons and Glial Cells
- Synapses
- Neurotransmitters
- Reflex Arc
- Higher Brain Functions
Understanding nerve fibers, peripheral nerves, receptors and nervous-system physiology is fundamental to EEG, EMG and nerve-conduction procedures. (Medipol Üniversitesi)
3. Basic Medical Sciences
Subjects
- Basic Pathology
- Basic Microbiology
- Basic Biochemistry
- Basic Pharmacology
- Medical Terminology
- Medical Abbreviations
- Infection Control
- Biomedical Waste Management
- Hospital Safety
- Patient Identification
- Medical Documentation
4. Introduction to Clinical Neurophysiology
Topics
- Introduction to Clinical Neurophysiology
- Role of Neurophysiology Technician
- Neurodiagnostic Laboratory
- Indications for Neurophysiological Tests
- Patient Preparation
- Patient History
- Patient Positioning
- Consent and Communication
- Basic Monitoring
- Safety Precautions
- Handling of Neurodiagnostic Equipment
5. Basic Electroencephalography (EEG)
Topics
- Introduction to EEG
- History of EEG
- Physiological Basis of EEG
- EEG Equipment
- EEG Electrodes
- Electrode Types
- Electrode Application
- International 10–20 System
- Head Measurement
- EEG Montages
- Polarity
- Filters
- Sensitivity
- Calibration
- Impedance
- Ground and Reference Electrodes
- EEG Recording Procedure
- Normal EEG Waveforms
- Alpha, Beta, Theta and Delta Waves
- Awake EEG
- Sleep EEG
- EEG Artifacts
The international 10–20 electrode-placement system, EEG waveforms, montages, calibration and artifacts are core EEG-technician competencies. (Kerala Public Service Commission)
6. Basic Electromyography (EMG)
Topics
- Introduction to EMG
- Physiology of Muscle
- Motor Units
- Muscle Action Potential
- Neuromuscular Transmission
- EMG Equipment
- Surface Electrodes
- Needle Electrodes
- Electrode Placement
- EMG Recording
- Normal EMG Patterns
- Abnormal EMG Patterns
- Basic EMG Terminology
- Patient Preparation
- Safety and Infection Control
7. Nerve Conduction Studies – Basic
Topics
- Introduction to NCS
- Physiology of Nerve Conduction
- Motor Nerve Conduction
- Sensory Nerve Conduction
- Nerve Conduction Velocity
- Latency
- Amplitude
- Distance Measurement
- Stimulation Sites
- Recording Electrodes
- Ground Electrodes
- F-Wave
- H-Reflex
- Basic NCS Equipment
- Normal Nerve-Conduction Parameters
Motor and sensory NCS, F-wave, H-reflex and normal conduction parameters are included in established neurophysiology curricula. (SCTIMST)
SECOND YEAR
1. Advanced EEG
Topics
- Normal EEG in Adults
- Normal EEG in Children
- Sleep EEG
- Neonatal EEG – Introduction
- EEG Maturation
- Normal Variants
- EEG Artifacts
- Eye Movement Artifacts
- Muscle Artifacts
- ECG Artifacts
- Movement Artifacts
- Electrode Artifacts
- Activation Procedures
- Sleep-Deprived EEG
- Long-Term EEG Monitoring
- Ambulatory EEG
- Video EEG
- Quantitative EEG
- EEG Brain Mapping – Introduction
Official EEG curricula also cover awake/sleep recordings, pediatric and neonatal EEG, activation procedures, artifacts, abnormal patterns and EEG monitoring. (IndiaCode by eCourtsIndia)
2. Clinical EEG & Neurological Disorders
Topics
- Epilepsy
- Seizure Disorders
- Generalized Seizures
- Focal Seizures
- Status Epilepticus
- Abnormal EEG Patterns
- Spike and Sharp Waves
- Slow Waves
- Periodic Discharges
- EEG in Stroke
- EEG in Brain Tumors
- EEG in Head Injury
- EEG in CNS Infection
- EEG in Metabolic Disorders
- Brain Death EEG
- EEG in Encephalopathy
3. Advanced Nerve Conduction Studies
Topics
- Advanced Motor NCS
- Advanced Sensory NCS
- F-Wave Studies
- H-Reflex Studies
- Blink Reflex
- Repetitive Nerve Stimulation
- Sympathetic Skin Response
- Motor Unit Studies
- Abnormal Nerve-Conduction Patterns
- Demyelinating Neuropathies
- Axonal Neuropathies
- Entrapment Neuropathies
- Radiculopathy
- Plexopathy
- Peripheral Neuropathy
4. Advanced Electromyography
Topics
- Needle EMG
- Needle Electrode Techniques
- Normal EMG
- Abnormal EMG
- EMG in Neuropathy
- EMG in Myopathy
- Motor Unit Potential
- Recruitment Pattern
- Spontaneous Activity
- Fibrillation Potentials
- Positive Sharp Waves
- Fasciculation Potentials
- Quantitative EMG
- Single-Fiber EMG – Introduction
- Surface EMG
- Repetitive Nerve Stimulation
Advanced EMG curricula include needle EMG, normal/abnormal EMG patterns, single-fiber EMG and testing for neuromuscular disorders. (Kerala Public Service Commission)
5. Evoked Potentials
Topics
- Introduction to Evoked Potentials
- Principles of Evoked Potentials
- Visual Evoked Potential (VEP)
- Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAEP/BAER)
- Somatosensory Evoked Potential (SSEP)
- Motor Evoked Potential (MEP)
- Electrode Placement
- Stimulus Parameters
- Recording Procedures
- Normal Responses
- Basic Abnormal Responses
- Clinical Applications
VEP, BAEP, SSEP and MEP are recognized neurophysiological investigation areas. (Kerala Public Service Commission)
6. Sleep & Polysomnography – Introduction
Topics
- Introduction to Sleep Medicine
- Sleep Physiology
- Sleep-Wake Cycle
- REM and NREM Sleep
- Sleep Architecture
- Sleep EEG
- Sleep Disorders
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Central Sleep Apnea
- Insomnia
- Parasomnias
- Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
- Introduction to Polysomnography (PSG)
Some established electroneurophysiology programs specifically combine EEG, ENMG and polysomnography training. (Medipol Üniversitesi)
7. Clinical Neurology
Topics
- Epilepsy
- Stroke
- Head Injury
- Brain Tumors
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Parkinsonism
- Motor Neuron Diseases
- Peripheral Neuropathies
- Myopathies
- Neuromuscular Junction Disorders
- Radiculopathy
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Guillain-Barré Syndrome
- Encephalopathy
- Dementia – Introduction
8. Neurodiagnostic Equipment & Maintenance
Topics
- EEG Machine
- EMG/NCS Machine
- Evoked Potential System
- PSG System
- Electrodes
- Amplifiers
- Filters
- Stimulators
- Computerized Recording Systems
- Calibration
- Impedance Testing
- Electrical Safety
- Equipment Troubleshooting
- Electrode Maintenance
- Cleaning and Disinfection
- Preventive Maintenance
- Data Storage and Backup
9. Patient Care, Ethics & Professional Practice
Topics
- Patient Communication
- Patient Privacy
- Professional Ethics
- Confidentiality
- Informed Consent
- Infection Prevention
- Standard Precautions
- Emergency Procedures
- Biomedical Waste
- Documentation
- Report Handling
- Professional Conduct
- Teamwork with Neurologist/Physician
- Basic CPR/BLS Awareness